Utopia, also known as Urapuntja and Amengernterneah,[1] is an Aboriginal Australian homeland area formed in November 1978 by the amalgamation of the former Utopia pastoral lease, from which it gains its name, with a tract of unalienable land to its north. It is one of a minority of communities created by autonomous activism in the early phase of the land rights movement. It was neither a former mission, nor a government settlement (Aboriginal reserve), but was successfully claimed by Aboriginal Australians who had never been fully dispossessed. Its people have expressly repudiated any municipal establishment, and instead live in about 13 (or up to 16) outstations (homelands) or clan sites, each with a traditional claim to the place.
